I came across this article by wired on Compressed Sensing:
http://www.wired.com/magazine/2010/02/f ... ithm/all/1
Its some amazing stuff. This idea apparently has been around for 6 years or so. Some derivative works include noise reduction. I haven't been able to find any works related to photoshop. Everything I find is in matlab and only appears to be for research.
Does anyone happen to know about any works in this for photoshop? or can out google me?